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| Традиции и праздники в СШАp>Although it wasn't celebrated in the U.S. until 1908, there were days honoring mothers even in the days of ancient Greece. In those days, however, it was Rhea, the Mother of the gods that was given honor. Later, in the 1600's, in England there was an annual observance called In the U.S., in 1908 Ana Jarvis, from Grafton, West Virginia, began a
campaign to establish a national Mother's Day. Jarvis persuaded her
mother's church in Grafton, West Virginia to celebrate Mother's Day on the
anniversary of her mother's death. A memorial service was held there on May Jarvis and others began a letter-writing campaign to ministers,
businessmen, and politicians in their quest to establish a national Many other countries of the world celebrate their own Mother's Day at
different times throughout the year. Denmark, Finland, Italy, Turkey, Memorial Day. (May 31)
Memorial Day, originally called Decoration Day, is a day to remember those who have died in our nation's service. After the Civil war many people in the North and South decorated graves of fallen soldiers with flowers. In the Spring of 1866, Henry C. Welles, a druggist in the village of Decoration Day was officially proclaimed on May 5, 1868 by General John In 1971, Memorial Day was declared a national holiday to be held on the last Monday in May. Today, Memorial Day marks the unofficial beginning of the summer season in the United States. It is still a time to remember those who have passed on, whether in war or otherwise. It also is a time for families to get together for picnics, ball games, and other early summer activities. Father's Day.( June 20) FATHERS' DAY HISTORY Sonora Dodd, of Washington, was one of the first people who had the idea of a "father's day." She thought of the idea for Father's Day while listening to a Mother's Day sermon in 1909. Sonora wanted a special day to honor her father, William Smart. Smart, who was a Civil War veteran, was widowed when his wife died while giving birth to their sixth child. Mr. Smart was left to raise the newborn and his other five children by himself on a rural farm in eastern Washington state. After Sonora became an adult she realized the selflessness her father had shown in raising his children as a single parent. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was, in the eyes of his daughter, a courageous, selfless, and loving man. Sonora's father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father's Day celebration in Spokane, Washington on the 19th of June, 1910. Even before Dodd, however, the idea of observing a day in honor of fathers
was promoted. Dr. Robert Webb conducted what is believed as the first President Calvin Coolidge, in 1924, supported the idea of a national Fourth of July. The history of the United States of America began long before the Colonists declared their independence. The Magna Carta, written in 1215 in order to try to convince King John of England to give the people certain rights, is generally considered to be the touchstone of liberty, upon which later documents are based. The links below will take you to America's Historic Documents. These are the pieces of history upon which our nation was founded, and within which our current liberty is rooted. All the documents are complete and unabridged, including George Washington's Farewell Address. Labor Day. ( September 6) Labor Day is a national legal holiday that is over 100 years old. Over the
years, it has evolved from a purely labor union celebration into a general It grew out of a celebration and parade in honor of the working class by the Knights of Labor in 1882 in New York. In 1884, the Knights held a large parade in New York City celebrating the working class. The parade was held on the first Monday in September. The Knights passed a resolution to hold all future parades on the same day, designated by them as Labor Day. The Socialist Party held a similar celebration of the working class on May In the late 1880's, labor organizations began to lobby various state
legislatures for recognition of Labor Day as an official state holiday. The
first states to declare it a state holiday in, 1887, were Oregon, Colorado, Today, Labor Day is observed not only in the U.S. but also in Canada, and
in other industrialized nations. While it is a general holiday in the It has come to be recognized in the U.S. not only as a celebration of the
working class, but even more so as the unofficial end of the summer season. Many colleges and some secondary and elementary schools begin classes immediately after Labor Day. State parks, swimming pools, and campgrounds are all quite busy on Labor Columbus Day! (October 12)
One of the first known celebrations marking the discovery of the "New To mark the 400th anniversary of Columbus' voyage, in 1892, President Christopher Columbus (1451 - 1505) Columbus, the son of a wool merchant and weaver, was born in Genoa, Italy
and went to sea at the age of 14. Following a shipwreck off the coast of Between 1477 and 1482 Columbus made merchant voyages as far away as Iceland and Guinea. But in 1484, his "Enterprise of the Indies" idea fell on deaf ears when he presented it to King John of Portugal. Shortly thereafter, he moved to Spain, where King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella became more interested in his adventuresome ideas. To the New World On August 2, 1492, Columbus set sail in search of the East Indies. The
voyage was financed by Ferdinand and Isabella by making the city of Palos
pay back a debt to the crown by providing two of the ships, and by getting Columbus and 90 crewmen boarded the three ships that were to make the first
voyage to the New World, the Niсa, Pinta, and the flagship, Santa Maria. On Contrary to popular belief, most educated individuals in the 15th century, and especially sailors, already knew that the earth was round. What was not realized by Columbus, however, was just how big a globe it was. Columbus seriously underestimated the size of the planet. Seaworthy Cuisine The menu for Spanish seamen consisted of water, vinegar, wine, olive oil, molasses, cheese, honey, raisins, rice, garlic, almonds, sea biscuits, dry legumes such as chickpeas, lentils, beans, salted and barreled sardines, anchovies, dry salt cod and pickled or salted meats (beef and pork), salted flour. Food, mostly boiled, was served in a large communal wooden bowl. It
consisted of poorly cooked meat with bones in it, the sailors attacking it
with fervor, picking it with their fingers as they had no forks or spoons. Return to Spain and Additional Voyages On Christmas Day, 1492, the Santa Maria sank off Hispaniola. Columbus
departed for Spain on January 16, 1493 on the Niсa, arriving there on March Columbus made three additional voyages to the New World. The second voyage
set sail in September, 1493, with 17 ships. During his expeditions, he
helped to colonize Hispaniola, and discovered the South American mainland. He returned to Spain for the last time on November 7, 1504. He died at Controversy Much controversy exists over Columbus' expeditions and whether or not one can "discover" an already-inhabited land. The natives of the Bahamas and other islands on his journey were peaceful and friendly. Yet many of them were later enslaved by the Spanish. Also, it is known that the Vikings explored the North American coast 500 years before Columbus. Nevertheless, Columbus' expedition was unique and important in that it resulted in the first intertwining of Europe with the Americas, resulting in the first permanent European colonies in the New World. Halloween! (October 31) Halloween is an annual celebration, but just what is it actually a celebration of? And how did this peculiar custom originate? Is it, as some claim, a kind of demon worship? Or is it just a harmless vestige of some ancient pagan ritual? The word itself, "Halloween," actually has its origins in the Catholic One story says that, on that day, the disembodied spirits of all those who had died throughout the preceding year would come back in search of living bodies to possess for the next year. It was believed to be their only hope for the afterlife. The Celts believed all laws of space and time were suspended during this time, allowing the spirit world to intermingle with the living. Naturally, the still-living did not want to be possessed. So on the night of October 31, villagers would extinguish the fires in their homes, to make them cold and undesirable. They would then dress up in all manner of ghoulish costumes and noisily paraded around the neighborhood, being as destructive as possible in order to frighten away spirits looking for bodies to possess. Probably a better explanation of why the Celts extinguished their fires was not to discourage spirit possession, but so that all the Celtic tribes could relight their fires from a common source, the Druidic fire that was kept burning in the Middle of Ireland, at Usinach. Some accounts tell of how the Celts would burn someone at the stake who was
thought to have already been possessed, as sort of a lesson to the spirits. The Romans adopted the Celtic practices as their own. But in the first
century AD, Samhain was assimilated into celebrations of some of the other The thrust of the practices also changed over time to become more ritualized. As belief in spirit possession waned, the practice of dressing up like hobgoblins, ghosts, and witches took on a more ceremonial role. The custom of Halloween was brought to America in the 1840's by Irish immigrants fleeing their country's potato famine. At that time, the favorite pranks in New England included tipping over outhouses and unhinging fence gates. The custom of trick-or-treating is thought to have originated not with the The Jack-o-lantern custom probably comes from Irish folklore. As the tale is told, a man named Jack, who was notorious as a drunkard and trickster, tricked Satan into climbing a tree. Jack then carved an image of a cross in the tree's trunk, trapping the devil up the tree. Jack made a deal with the devil that, if he would never tempt him again, he would promise to let him down the tree. According to the folk tale, after Jack died, he was denied entrance to The Irish used turnips as their "Jack's lanterns" originally. But when the immigrants came to America, they found that pumpkins were far more plentiful than turnips. So the Jack-O-Lantern in America was a hollowed-out pumpkin, lit with an ember. So, although some cults may have adopted Halloween as their favorite Veteran’s Day. (Nov. 11) This is my tribute to my father, and to all veterans. I thank God every day for him and veterans like him, without whom we wouldn't have the freedoms we've grown accustomed to. Freedoms that too many Americans take for granted. War is a horrible thing, and I in no way am attempting to glorify it. However, in some cases it is necessary. My father is a World War II veteran. Joining the Navy when he was just 17,
he was stationed aboard the U.S.S. Pensacola (CA-24), where he served
bravely until the war's end in 1945. The Pensacola was a heavy cruiser,
part of the screen of ships protecting the carrier U.S.S. Hornet, and later
the Enterprise. The Pensacola saw much action, and earned 13 Battle Stars
for her part in 13 major battles fought in the Pacific, including Midway, The Pensacola's armament consisted of 20mm and 40mm anti-aircraft guns, and She survived the war, only to be sunk off the coast of Washington State during nuclear bombardment testing in the late '40s. An unmagnanimouse end to a grand career. She was a proud ship, and her officers and crew fought with unwavering courage. As an aside, I just want to say that I abhor the treatment our Vietnam Thanksgiving! (4th Thursday in November) Find Out What You Know About Thanksgiving! Take the quiz first, then read about the history of Thanksgiving to find out about the answers you missed! When you're finished, I would appreciate it if you would sign the guestbook to let me know what you learned! Pearl Harbor Day (December 7) Christmas (December 25) At Christmas, people remember when Jesus Christ was born and the People start to get ready for Christmas in late October or early November. The Christmas holiday begins on 24 December: Christmas Eve. People often
stop work early and have a drink together, or finish their Christmas a
shopping. They cover the presents in special papers, and put them under the
tree. Christmas Day ( 25 December ) is a holiday. Children usually wake up very
early. They look in their stockings to see what Santa put there for them. Christmas dinner is in the afternoon and is the biggest meal of the day. Dinner is usually turkey with lots of winter vegetables and then hot mince pies or a Christmas pudding. At three o'clock many people in Britain turn their televisions on because
the Queen say A lot of people go for a walk in the afternoon or play with their new
games. The Christmas season ends on the twelfth day after 25 December, which is 6 Страницы: 1, 2 |
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